The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) are widely used self-report instruments designed to measure negative emotional states. The most commonly used short form, DASS-21, contains 21 items divided equally across three subscales: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. Each item asks respondents to rate how much a statement applied to them over the past week on a 4-point scale (0 = Did not apply to me at all; 3 = Applied to me very much or most of the time). Scores for each subscale are summed and multiplied by two to be comparable with the original 42-item DASS (DASS-42). Below is an overview of the DASS structure, administration, psychometric properties, interpretation, applications, strengths, and limitations.
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Beyond the DSM: Why "Crazy" is Just a Story We Haven't Understood Yet The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) are widely